What is DNA?
How does DNA reveal information and evidence of evolution?
DNA reveals information and evidence of evolution because you can look inside of a cell and see collect the DNA that's inside of the nucleus or the mitochondria (mitochondrial DNA) and see the similarities between that organism and another and see if they are similar on an ancestry line. A cell is a basic "building" unit in an organism. Cells make up all living things/tissues. DNA is found inside of the nucleus of the cell. DNA is what creates a genotype, or techincally is a genotype for an organism. A genotype is an organism's genetic makeup, and the genotype is shown in the phenotype. The phenotype is the physical expression of a genetic trait that comes from a genotype, which comes from DNA. The process that allows for the expression of the genotype is called protein synthesis. Protein synthesis is a long process where DNA in the nucleus is transferred mRNA and is then changed into proteins in the ribosomes of a cell. These proteins are then used to show the genotype as a phenotype in an organism. What is biodiversity, how do humans affect it, and how does it affect humans? Biodiversity is the variety of life in the world or in a particular habitat or ecosystem. Humans affect biodiversity by decreasing the biodiversity in the environment. With an increasing human population, we are consuming more and more natural resources. We do this by driving our cars more, using more energy in our homes, and buying many more products than we need, and more things that destroy the environment. This affects humans because it provides us with raw materials that we use to make things such as clothes, shoes and paper. And although we use many natural products and materials in our daily lives, we also use many human-made chemicals--cleaners, fertilizers, bug spray, pesticides, and many others. Why is biodiversity important to the Earth and to humans? Biodiversity is important to humans because it provides us with raw materials that we use to make things such as clothes, shoes and paper. And although we use many natural products and materials in our daily lives, we also use many human-made chemicals--cleaners, fertilizers, bug spray, pesticides, and many others. And it's important for the earth because the diversity of life forms that exist is nature’s way of keeping important checks and balances in place, keeping populations of disease-causing pests and viruses in check. Also biodiversity is important because biodiversity provides us with a varied food supply, which is needed for balanced human nutrition. How do genes explain how different species are related? Genes and the traits they code for are passed from parent to offspring. From generation to generation, well known molecular mechanisms get mixed up, duplicates, and alter genes in a way that produces genetic variation. This variation is the raw material for evolution. These variations cause the phenotypes of on organism to be always different from each other, causing things like different skin color, eye color, height, weight, etc. In these genes, scientist can look at the DNA in them and see what chromosomes are the same or similar to see if they are related. Why are scientists interested in understanding how closely related organisms are to each other? Scientists are interested in the relationships, genetically, between organisms because they want to see if two organisms are related to each other, what common ancestors do they share, and boils down to an evolutionary interest. When scientists find out what organisms are related to each other, history of several things can be explained on the evolution of organisms like humans, birds, and many things. IT can all be traced back to a common ancestor and helps confirm the theory of evolution even more than it was before. |